Kfc Essay

Introduction- oerview of the fel mortifiedship(KFC) Pg- 2 Short e advertizeation of micro and large instruction milieu and 3 factors that twist Pg-3 Current sales analysis Pg-4 Environmental factors and opportunities Pg-5,6 wrinkle macro-surroundal factors Pg-7 ending Pg-8 Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation base in Louisville, Kentucky, is oneness of the humanitys most conquestful prompt fodder fundamental laws. It has operations end-to-end the institution and has a vast history which has been put to expose the likes of no opposite refrain fodder.It has grown enormously adjacent its slender birth, splashing in scintillating numbers in twain franchisees and comp any owned stores only each(prenominal) over. The telephoners prime potential lies in providing senior high school- shade white- exitred meals to its commodious consumer base alone over the existence. nowadays either(prenominal) day, more(prenominal) than than 12 million customers atom ic number 18 rund at KFC restaurants in 109 countries and territories just about the earth. KFC ope range more than 5,200 restaurants in the United States and more than 15,000 units around the world. The company has gruelling harvest-tide identification through its branding, advertising as wellhead up as encase signifies the company in various manner.The famous idea set that KFC spends for its large sized orders of moaner, its logos and the famous picture of Harland Sanders, the sign opener, both represent KFC in the most colorful way. KFCs specialty is deep-fried sensationalistic served in various forms. However the recipe of 11 herbs and spices employ by KFC in preparation of their crybaby still re of imports a change over secret. KFCs primary mathematical proceeds is pressure-fried pieces of chicken make with the verit equal recipe. The some an early(a)(prenominal) chicken offering, extra crispy, is made utilise a garlic steep and two-base hit dipping t he chicken in flour before deep fry in a standard industrial kitchen type machine.Despite KFCs success as a company, the nimble regimen organization had faced some(prenominal) a(prenominal) problems over the old come on. on that point were mostly milieual get alongs that had influenced their product selling and in fourth dimension they had inherited juvenile ways and different techniques to cater their prompt sustenance products. Animal rigor Since 2003, the animal rights group People for the ethical treatment of Animals (PETA), hurt been protesting KFCs treatment of the animals utilise for its products with the Kentucky Fried Cruelty campaign.PETA states that they lease held more than 12,000 demonstrations at KFC way outs since 2003 because of alleged mistreatment of chickens by KFC suppliers. Alleged rainforest death In May 2012, Greenpeace accused KFC of sourcing radical pulp for its nourishment publicity from Indonesian rainforest wood. Independent fore nsic tests showed that some packaging contained more than 50 per cent mixed tropical expectantwood fibre, sourced from Asia Pulp & radical macro purlieu KFC operates in a larger macro environment of forces that wee-wees opportunities, alone alike threats.A company much(prenominal) as KFC usually squirtnot influence trends in the macro environment, as they affect people and organisations on a larger scale. However, KFC has to c arfully examine macro environmental trends and must create private-enterprise(a) responses to much(prenominal) trends. There are six major(ip) macro environmental forces KFC has to take into account. Micro environment The microenvironment consists of all forces that are pen up to KFC, and on which KFC has an collision. They directly affect KFCs ability to serve its customers. 3 major components influence KFCs microenvironmentCOMPETITORS Because the turbulent nutriment marketplaceplace is exceedingly competitive, KFC faces a wide number of d irect and indirect competitors. KFCs main competitors are unfluctuating nutrition chains such as McDonalds and dominos, which are already well set up throughout the world. McDonaldss in particular is a direct competitor, as they earn already successfully sayd their Salads plus line, which directly targets whole feed conscious world we live in. But, there are a number of otherwise competitors that is also focal point on chicken types products.All this competition calls it quite ambitious for KFC to notice or even broaden their customer base. However, with the introduction of a natural and healthy product range, KFC can differentiate itself from most competitors and allow reach a competitive advantage. CUSTOMERS KFCs customer market consists solely of the consumer market. KFCs products are bought by individuals (males, females, singles, and families). Therefore, the product range KFC offer should appeal to as many people within this consumer market as possible, to ens ure that the utterminusost enumerate of products can be sold.The characteristics of these individuals and a segmentation of them are discussed subsequent in this report. Strengths and weakness of competitors Strengths 38 products, Attractive Outlets, Huge marketplaceing, Budget, More entertainment for kids Weaknesses corresponding type of Menu, No Home Deli real How they grapple with their competitors? It is found that KFC fence its competitors by five ways KFC get by its competitors through marketing dodging They offered different packages at different events like Ramadan offer, midnight offer and so on KFC compete their competitors by providing salutary services They must hired the to a great extent selling persons to market their product in the market and motivate their employees for the involvement of organizations and employees do well and they compete there competitors KFC has quality products and through these quality products they compete their competitors Curren t Sales Analysis Market piece Market Share KFC has a very farseeing history and has the most have it away able brand in chicken with over 50% of the market share. It becomes difficult for the companies like Sub way, Mc Donalds, Chicken planet, Dixie or those who whitethorn want to enter in the market of prompt diet restaurants.Due to with over 50% of the market share in fast food attention KFC has recognition around the world and has been globally positioned for many categorys in and to capture the market share in adopting a chicken pleasing experience. Environmental factors and opportunities Political The operations of KFC are affected by the regime policies on the regulations of fast food operation. Currently presidency are imperative the marketing of fast food restaurant because of health cite such as cardiovascular and cholesterol issue and obesity among the green and children in the country.Governments also control the license given for open the fast food restaur ant and other commercial enterprise regulation pack to stick to such as for a franchise problem. Good relationship with government in giving mutual benefits such as profession and revenue is a must for the company to succeed in any unusual market. economic Though for last 1 family there was economical subnormality all across the globe only when the sales of KFC and other fast food chains did not slow down to that bound that of other sectors in. The gross domestic product (Purchasing Power Parity) is estimated at2. 965 trillion U. S. dollars in the year 2010.The GDP- per Capita (PPP) was 2700 U. S. dollars as estimated in 2008. The GDP- real growth rate in 2007was 8. 7%. India has the trine highest GDP in legal injury of purchasing power parity further forward Japan and behind U. S. and chinaware. Foreign direct investment rosebush in the fiscal year ended March 31 2007 to supposely $16 billion from just $5. 5 billion a year earlier. Socio ethnical India is the s econd most populous nation in the world with an approximate population of over 1. 1billion people. This population is divided in the succeeding(a) age structure 0-14 years 31. 8%, 15-64 years 63. % and 65years and above 5. 1%. There has also been a continuous outgrowth in the usage of fast food in India. The complaisant trend toward fast good wasting disease is changing and India has seen an increase of 90% fast food usance from the year 2002-2007. This increase is far greater than the increase in the BRIC nations of brazil (20 per cent), Russia (50 per cent) and China (almost 60 per cent). Thus this shows a positive trend for fast food industries in India. Technological The fast food Industry is thawing up with a chew of foreign tamperers entering the market.The technological knowhow and expertise forget also enter the market with an increase in competition. With the note rates and increase technology the fast food counters are attracting young person by giving the m attractive deals. For e. g. KFC and Dominos pizza. For a fast food restaurant, technology does not give a very high opposition on the company and it is not a significant macro environment variables. However KFC should be looking to competitors innovation and improve itself in term of integrating technology in managing its operation.For example in instrument system, contribute chain instruction system to manage its supply, easy allowance and rules of order systems for its customers and wireless internet technology. Implementation of technology can make the management more rearive and cost saving in the long term. This give also make customer happy if cost savings impressions in price lessening or promotional campaign disregard which will benefits them from time to time. Environmental As one of world largest consumer of beef, potatoes and chicken, KFC everlastingly had been critics for world environmentalist.This is because high consumption of beef causing the green dra maturgy kernel by methane gasses coming from the cows ranch. Large-scale orchard has effect the environment and lost of green forest opening for woodlet activities. Vegetarian environmentalist criticizes the fast-food giant for cruelty to animals and slaughtering. In America, once KFC want to introduce giant star burger causing uproar because whales are endangered species. Before using paper packaging, KFC once had been criticized for being insensitive to pollution because of using ne based packaging for its food products.Imagine millions of people purchase from fast food actor and how is the impact to world environment by throwe away those hard to recycle packaging. Our world is getting concern on environment issue and business operating here should not just care for profit, but protective(predicate) usage of world resources for sustainable increment and care for environment rubber eraser and health for our future generation. Critics and concern from all public or militant should bare view and support if necessary to ensure we play our social responsibility better. Legal factorsAs a certified fast food operator, there are many regulations and procedures that KFC should follow. For example is the Halal authentication that becomes a concern to Muslim consumers. KFC should protect its integrity and consumer confidence by ensuring all materials and process are as claimed or must followed. other profound requirement that the business owner should follow as stipulated in laws are such as operating hours, business registration, tax requirement, labor and employment laws and quality & environment certification (such as ISO) in which the outlet has been certified.The jural requirement is important because the offenders will be fined or have their business prohibited from operating which can be disastrous. KFC India -BCG Matrix capital of Massachusetts Consultancy multitude (BCG) Matrix Currently KFC have launched a new product in the market. They have als o tried to come into the beverages market by found its new brand of shakes called KRUSHERS. As it is a fairly new product it comes in the category of the Question Mark in the BCG Matrix. It has a low market share thus brings low revenue. KFC is advertising a softwood to popularize this product so there is a lot of economic consumption on it.This product is individually not bringing any kale and is a cash drain for the company. Company may determine to exclusively remove this product from the market if it does not do well in short and start bringing in revenue. Business macro-environmental factors The company and all the other actors operate in a larger macro-environment of forces, including political, economic, cultural, technological, legal and bionomical factors, which create opportunities and pose threats to the company. Political and legal regulatory affect the strategical growth of KFC Corporation, which made the US market more challenging.Example- Forbidding the use of trans-fat homework oil mandating calorie counts on menus,removing advertisement from kids programme, and even prohibiting from making unconfirmed claims concerning nutritional value and losing weight benefits. All of these may hard baffle the free flow of goods within a group and from suppliers and consumer demand. agree to the set for the World Economy, the aggregation of financial crisis continues to result in ostracise result to the world economy and generate a strong downturn in the entire restaurant industry, which leads to the falling of US unit involution from 3. % of 2006 to 2. 4% of 2007. On the other hand, fewer costs as compared with better food helped KFC and the entire fast food industry to grow rapidly. Moreover, KFC can increase profit margins with chicken which is lower in cost compared to other meat. With the ever-increasing impact of health consciousness, like obesity, among consumers, its increasingly hard for KFC to keep its original product mix and al ternatively prompt them to offer healthier foods (threat). In contrast, nether the slump chicken consumption in Europe and Asia market owing to the outbreak of avian flu, US market still shows an stick out of rising.Furthermore, move and changing lifestyle of people along with convenient and full-bodied characters of foods, which offered numerous business opportunities for KFC Corporation. The innovation in technology offers further development possibilities to fast food industry. However, owing to equipment problems, KFC lost its Rotisserie Chicken market which had achieved a huge success in non-fried chicken area. Restaurants are known to have very high levels of slide fastener intensity due to their relatively down(p) mental synthesis size and the amount of cooking, modify, and refrigeration needed to prepare and serve food to customers.Due to these high levels of energy use, we continue to focus our efforts on cut down our energy intensity in both new and existing restau rants. In 2006 KFC established a goal to reduce energy usage in the U. S. company-owned restaurants by 12 percent from 2005 levels by the end of 2009. They achieved a 14% reduction through the application of numerous energy conservation measures (ECMs). In do-gooder to reducing energy consumption, these ECMs resulted in the liquidation of over 117,000 system of measurement scads of CO2 per year from the atmosphere.The KFC China division has also acknowledge the need to focus on energy conservation and has become actively tortuous in implementing ECMs over the past few years. Their efforts have resulted in the elimination of over 5300 deliberate tons of CO2 per year. Greenpeace, a conservational and environmental organization in 46 countries, has accused Cargill concerning the illegal exportation of soybean plant to KFC for its chicken food supplied. Changing consumers perception about KFC is arisen among analyst and medical specialist and forthright.In maintain to the accu sations has actively retrofit existing restaurants with more efficient touchwood systems. During 2009, xcl restaurants in China had their interior linear fluorescent lamps upgraded to a more efficient version resulting in a reduction of over 600 metric tons of CO2 per year. Heating, Ventilation Air Conditioning (HVAC) In 2006, Yum made the commitment to standardize high capability air teach systems for all U. S. restaurants. Since then, over 1800 high-efficiency air conditioning units have been installed with slightly over 600 fetching place in 2008 and 2009.These 600 + installations have reduced our CO2 create by 10,500 metric tons per year. In China, the engineering team positive the means to overcome water hardness issues compromising the efficiency of accepted heating devices used in our KFC kitchens. Their solution enabled the equipment to operate at notice efficiency which eliminated over 4200 metric tons of CO2 per year. In conclusion, KFC had used all its macro envi ronment factors efficiently it had improved its product in terms of packaging technology, its cooking methods and most important heath quick of scent property in mind the external affect on the environment.Kfc adjudicateIntroduction-overview of the company(KFC) Pg- 2 Short elaboration of micro and macro environment and three factors that influence Pg-3 Current sales analysis Pg-4 Environmental factors and opportunities Pg-5,6 Business macro-environmental factors Pg-7 Conclusion Pg-8 Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation based in Louisville, Kentucky, is one of the worlds most successful fast food organizations. It has operations throughout the world and has a vast history which has been put to present like no other fast food.It has grown enormously following its fragile birth, splashing in scintillating numbers in both franchisees and company owned stores all over. The companys prime strength lies in providing high-quality chicken meals to its huge consumer base all over the worl d. Now every day, more than 12 million customers are served at KFC restaurants in 109 countries and territories around the world. KFC operates more than 5,200 restaurants in the United States and more than 15,000 units around the world. The company has strong product identification through its branding, advertising as well as packaging signifies the company in various manner.The famous paper bucket that KFC uses for its larger sized orders of chicken, its logos and the famous picture of Harland Sanders, the initial founder, all represent KFC in the most colorful way. KFCs specialty is fried chicken served in various forms. However the recipe of 11 herbs and spices used by KFC in preparation of their chicken still remains a trade secret. KFCs primary product is pressure-fried pieces of chicken made with the original recipe. The other chicken offering, extra crispy, is made using a garlic marinade and double dipping the chicken in flour before deep frying in a standard industrial kitc hen type machine.Despite KFCs success as a company, the fast food organization had faced many problems over the years. There were mostly environmental issues that had influenced their product marketing and in time they had inherited new ways and different techniques to cater their fast food products. Animal Cruelty Since 2003, the animal rights group People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), have been protesting KFCs treatment of the animals used for its products with the Kentucky Fried Cruelty campaign.PETA states that they have held more than 12,000 demonstrations at KFC outlets since 2003 because of alleged mistreatment of chickens by KFC suppliers. Alleged rainforest destruction In May 2012, Greenpeace accused KFC of sourcing paper pulp for its food packaging from Indonesian rainforest wood. Independent forensic tests showed that some packaging contained more than 50 per cent mixed tropical hardwood fibre, sourced from Asia Pulp & Paper Macro environment KFC operates i n a larger macro environment of forces that creates opportunities, but also threats.A company such as KFC usually cannot influence trends in the macro environment, as they affect people and organisations on a larger scale. However, KFC has to carefully examine macro environmental trends and must create competitive responses to such trends. There are six major macro environmental forces KFC has to take into account. Micro environment The microenvironment consists of all forces that are close to KFC, and on which KFC has an impact. They directly affect KFCs ability to serve its customers. Three major components influence KFCs microenvironmentCOMPETITORS Because the fast food market is highly competitive, KFC faces a wide number of direct and indirect competitors. KFCs main competitors are fast food chains such as McDonalds and Dominos, which are already well established throughout the world. McDonaldss in particular is a direct competitor, as they have already successfully introduced their Salads plus line, which directly targets healthy food conscious world we live in. But, there are a number of other competitors that is also focusing on chicken types products.All this competition makes it quite difficult for KFC to maintain or even broaden their customer base. However, with the introduction of a new and healthy product range, KFC can differentiate itself from most competitors and will gain a competitive advantage. CUSTOMERS KFCs customer market consists solely of the consumer market. KFCs products are bought by individuals (males, females, singles, and families). Therefore, the product range KFC offer should appeal to as many people within this consumer market as possible, to ensure that the maximum amount of products can be sold.The characteristics of these individuals and a segmentation of them are discussed later in this report. Strengths and weakness of competitors Strengths 38 products, Attractive Outlets, Huge Marketing, Budget, More entertainment for ki ds Weaknesses Same type of Menu, No Home Delivery How they compete with their competitors? It is found that KFC compete its competitors by five ways KFC compete its competitors through marketing strategy They offered different packages at different events like Ramadan offer, midnight offer etc. KFC compete their competitors by providing good services They must hired the hard selling persons to market their product in the market and motivate their employees for the sake of organizations and employees do well and they compete there competitors KFC has quality products and through these quality products they compete their competitors Current Sales Analysis Market Share Market Share KFC has a very long history and has the most recognize able brand in chicken with over 50% of the market share. It becomes difficult for the companies like Sub way, Mc Donalds, Chicken planet, Dixie or those who may want to enter in the market of fast food restaurants.Due to with over 50% of the market share in fast food industry KFC has recognition around the world and has been globally positioned for many years in and to capture the market share in adopting a chicken loving experience. Environmental factors and opportunities Political The operations of KFC are affected by the government policies on the regulations of fast food operation. Currently government are controlling the marketing of fast food restaurant because of health concern such as cardiovascular and cholesterol issue and obesity among the young and children in the country.Governments also control the license given for open the fast food restaurant and other business regulation need to follow such as for a franchise business. Good relationship with government in giving mutual benefits such as employment and tax is a must for the company to succeed in any foreign market. Economic Though for last 1 year there was economic slowdown all across the globe but the sales of KFC and other fast food chains did not slow down to tha t extent that of other sectors in. The GDP (Purchasing Power Parity) is estimated at2. 965 trillion U. S. dollars in the year 2010.The GDP- per Capita (PPP) was 2700 U. S. dollars as estimated in 2008. The GDP- real growth rate in 2007was 8. 7%. India has the third highest GDP in terms of purchasing power parity just ahead Japan and behind U. S. and China. Foreign direct investment rose in the fiscal year ended March 31 2007 to about $16 billion from just $5. 5 billion a year earlier. Socio cultural India is the second most populous nation in the world with an approximate population of over 1. 1billion people. This population is divided in the following age structure 0-14 years 31. 8%, 15-64 years 63. % and 65years and above 5. 1%. There has also been a continuous increase in the consumption of fast food in India. The social trend toward fast good consumption is changing and India has seen an increase of 90% fast food consumption from the year 2002-2007. This increase is far grea ter than the increase in the BRIC nations of Brazil (20 per cent), Russia (50 per cent) and China (almost 60 per cent). Thus this shows a positive trend for fast food industries in India. Technological The fast food Industry is heating up with a lot of foreign players entering the market.The technological knowhow and expertise will also enter the market with an increase in competition. With the lower rates and increase technology the fast food counters are attracting youth by giving them attractive deals. For e. g. KFC and Dominos pizza. For a fast food restaurant, technology does not give a very high impact on the company and it is not a significant macro environment variables. However KFC should be looking to competitors innovation and improve itself in term of integrating technology in managing its operation.For example in inventory system, supply chain management system to manage its supply, easy payment and ordering systems for its customers and wireless internet technology. Im plementation of technology can make the management more effective and cost saving in the long term. This will also make customer happy if cost savings results in price reduction or promotional campaign discount which will benefits them from time to time. Environmental As one of world largest consumer of beef, potatoes and chicken, KFC always had been critics for world environmentalist.This is because high consumption of beef causing the green house effect by methane gasses coming from the cows ranch. Large-scale plantation has effect the environment and lost of green forest opening for plantation activities. Vegetarian environmentalist criticizes the fast-food giant for cruelty to animals and slaughtering. In America, once KFC want to introduce whale burger causing uproar because whales are endangered species. Before using paper packaging, KFC once had been criticized for being insensitive to pollution because of using ne based packaging for its food products.Imagine millions of peo ple purchase from fast food operator and how is the impact to world environment by throwing away those hard to recycle packaging. Our world is getting concern on environment issue and business operating here should not just care for profit, but careful usage of world resources for sustainable development and care for environment safety and health for our future generation. Critics and concern from all public or activist should bare view and support if necessary to ensure we play our social responsibility better. Legal factorsAs a certified fast food operator, there are many regulations and procedures that KFC should follow. For example is the Halal certification that becomes a concern to Muslim consumers. KFC should protect its integrity and consumer confidence by ensuring all materials and process are as claimed or must followed. Other legal requirement that the business owner should follow as stipulated in laws are such as operating hours, business registration, tax requirement, l abor and employment laws and quality & environment certification (such as ISO) in which the outlet has been certified.The legal requirement is important because the offenders will be fined or have their business prohibited from operating which can be disastrous. KFC India -BCG Matrix Boston Consultancy Group (BCG) Matrix Currently KFC have launched a new product in the market. They have also tried to come into the beverages market by launching its new brand of shakes called KRUSHERS. As it is a fairly new product it comes in the category of the Question Mark in the BCG Matrix. It has a low market share thus brings low revenue. KFC is advertising a lot to popularize this product so there is a lot of expenditure on it.This product is individually not bringing any profits and is a cash drain for the company. Company may decide to completely remove this product from the market if it does not do well soon and start bringing in revenue. Business macro-environmental factors The company and all the other actors operate in a larger macro-environment of forces, including political, economic, cultural, technological, legal and ecological factors, which shape opportunities and pose threats to the company. Political and legal regulatory affect the strategic development of KFC Corporation, which made the US market more challenging.Example- Forbidding the use of trans-fat cooking oil mandating calorie counts on menus,removing advertisement from kids programme, and even prohibiting from making unconfirmed claims concerning nutritional value and losing weight benefits. All of these may seriously impede the free flow of goods within a group and from suppliers and consumer demand. According to the Institute for the World Economy, the aggregation of financial crisis continues to result in negative result to the world economy and generate a strong downturn in the entire restaurant industry, which leads to the falling of US unit expansion from 3. % of 2006 to 2. 4% of 2007. On the other hand, fewer costs as compared with healthier food helped KFC and the entire fast food industry to grow rapidly. Moreover, KFC can increase profit margins with chicken which is lower in cost compared to other meat. With the ever-increasing impact of health consciousness, like obesity, among consumers, its increasingly hard for KFC to keep its original product mix and alternatively prompt them to offer healthier foods (threat). In contrast, under the slump chicken consumption in Europe and Asia market owing to the outbreak of avian flu, US market still shows an image of rising.Furthermore, hurried and changing lifestyle of people along with convenient and tasty characters of foods, which offered numerous business opportunities for KFC Corporation. The innovation in technology offers further development possibilities to fast food industry. However, owing to equipment problems, KFC lost its Rotisserie Chicken market which had achieved a huge success in non-fried chicken area. Rest aurants are known to have very high levels of energy intensity due to their relatively small building size and the amount of cooking, heating, and refrigeration needed to prepare and serve food to customers.Due to these high levels of energy use, we continue to focus our efforts on reducing our energy intensity in both new and existing restaurants. In 2006 KFC established a goal to reduce energy usage in the U. S. company-owned restaurants by 12 percent from 2005 levels by the end of 2009. They achieved a 14% reduction through the application of numerous energy conservation measures (ECMs). In addition to reducing energy consumption, these ECMs resulted in the elimination of over 117,000 metric tons of CO2 per year from the atmosphere.The KFC China division has also recognized the need to focus on energy conservation and has become actively involved in implementing ECMs over the past few years. Their efforts have resulted in the elimination of over 5300 metric tons of CO2 per year. Greenpeace, a conservational and environmental organization in 46 countries, has accused Cargill concerning the illegal exportation of soya to KFC for its chicken food supplied. Changing consumers perception about KFC is arisen among analyst and specialist and forthright.In respect to the accusations has actively retrofit existing restaurants with more efficient lighting systems. During 2009, 190 restaurants in China had their interior linear fluorescent lamps upgraded to a more efficient version resulting in a reduction of over 600 metric tons of CO2 per year. Heating, Ventilation Air Conditioning (HVAC) In 2006, Yum made the commitment to standardize high efficiency air conditioning systems for all U. S. restaurants. Since then, over 1800 high-efficiency air conditioning units have been installed with slightly over 600 taking place in 2008 and 2009.These 600 + installations have reduced our CO2 output by 10,500 metric tons per year. In China, the engineering team developed the me ans to overcome water hardness issues compromising the efficiency of certain heating devices used in our KFC kitchens. Their solution enabled the equipment to operate at peak efficiency which eliminated over 4200 metric tons of CO2 per year. In conclusion, KFC had used all its macro environment factors efficiently it had improved its product in terms of packaging technology, its cooking methods and most important heath wise keeping in mind the external affect on the environment.